The relationship between Henry and the couple became strained, and fighting broke out along the border with Anjou. In response to this, he declared his daughter Matilda his heir and married her to Geoffrey of Anjou. Henry took a second wife, Adeliza of Louvain, in the hope of having another son, but their marriage was childless. Henry's son William drowned in the White Ship disaster of 1120, throwing the royal succession into doubt. He supported the Cluniac order and played a major role in the selection of the senior clergy in England and Normandy. Henry encouraged ecclesiastical reform, but became embroiled in a serious dispute in 1101 with Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury, which was resolved through a compromise solution in 1105. Many of the officials who ran Henry's system were "new men" of obscure backgrounds, rather than from families of high status, who rose through the ranks as administrators. Normandy was also governed through a growing system of justices and an exchequer. In England, he drew on the existing Anglo-Saxon system of justice, local government and taxation, but also strengthened it with additional institutions, including the royal exchequer and itinerant justices. Following Henry's victory at the Battle of Brémule, a favourable peace settlement was agreed with Louis in 1120.Ĭonsidered by contemporaries to be a harsh but effective ruler, Henry skillfully manipulated the barons in England and Normandy. Henry's control of Normandy was challenged by Louis VI of France, Baldwin VII of Flanders and Fulk V of Anjou, who promoted the rival claims of Robert's son, William Clito, and supported a major rebellion in the Duchy between 11. Henry kept Robert imprisoned for the rest of his life. The peace was short-lived, and Henry invaded the Duchy of Normandy in 11, finally defeating Robert at the Battle of Tinchebray. Robert, who invaded from Normandy in 1101, disputed Henry's control of England this military campaign ended in a negotiated settlement that confirmed Henry as king. He married Matilda of Scotland and they had two surviving children, Empress Matilda and William Adelin he also had many illegitimate children by his many mistresses. Present at the place where his brother William died in a hunting accident in 1100, Henry seized the English throne, promising at his coronation to correct many of William's less popular policies.
He gradually rebuilt his power base in the Cotentin and allied himself with William Rufus against Robert. He purchased the County of Cotentin in western Normandy from Robert, but his brothers deposed him in 1091. On William's death in 1087, Henry's elder brothers Robert Curthose and William Rufus inherited Normandy and England, respectively, but Henry was left landless. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135.
0 kommentar(er)
